If a film is submerged only in fixer and not in developer, what will be the outcome?

When a film is submerged only in fixer and not in developer, the outcome is that the part of the film that was fixed will appear clear. This is because the fixer is responsible for removing any unexposed silver halide crystals from the film emulsion, which are sensitive to light and would not have been developed without being in the developer first.

In the absence of the developer, which facilitates the transforming of exposed crystals into metallic silver (dark areas on the film), only those areas that were initially exposed to light but then fixed will remain clear. The fixer does not turn exposed areas dark; it simply removes the unexposed areas, resulting in a film that shows clear areas where the film was not developed.

In contrast, if the film were developed in the developer first, it would reveal the areas that were exposed to light, resulting in a partially developed film if only the fixer is used afterwards. Without development, the image does not show any darkening, leading to the conclusion that the fixed areas would be clear.